[150], The Ahmadiyya movement was founded in 1889 by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian. [263][needs update] As of 2021,[update] page requests are first passed to a front-end layer of Varnish caching servers and back-end layer caching is done by Apache Traffic Server. OLX Pakistan offers online local classified ads for Advertising & PR Jobs. The first of these was the 1986 BBC Domesday Project, which included text (entered on BBC Micro computers) and photographs from more than a million contributors in the UK, and covered the geography, art, and culture of the UK. A former ascetic was charged by Gobind Singh with the duty of punishing those who had persecuted the Sikhs. Polypropylene, sometimes referred to simply as "olefin", is commonly used to construct berber carpets. The term carpet is often used in a similar context to the term rug, but rugs are typically considered to be smaller than a room and not attached to the floor.[1]. In 2006, Time magazine recognized Wikipedia's participation (along with YouTube, Reddit, MySpace, and Facebook)[338] in the rapid growth of online collaboration and interaction by millions of people worldwide. Smaller tombs may have a mihrab, although larger mausoleums have a separate mosque located at a distance from the main tomb. Aslanapa, Oktay. [59] All Arabian fantasy tales tend to be called Arabian Nights stories when translated into English, regardless of whether they appear in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights or not. The earliest extant Spanish carpet, the so-called Synagogue carpet in the Museum of Islamic Art, Berlin, is a unique survival dated to the 14th century. [9][10][11][12][13] According to the Legend of Cheraman Perumals, the first Indian mosque was built in 624 CE at Kodungallur in present-day Kerala with the mandate of the last ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) of the Chera dynasty, who converted to Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad (c. 570632). [95] Recent studies show that it is very likely that the Medieval Muslim artists were aware of advanced decagonal quasicrystal geometry (discovered half a millennium later in the 1970s and 1980s in the West) and used it in intricate decorative tilework in the architecture. [357], In 2008, the comedy website CollegeHumor produced a video sketch named "Professor Wikipedia", in which the fictitious Professor Wikipedia instructs a class with a medley of unverifiable and occasionally absurd statements. [176] Concerns have been raised by PC World in 2009 regarding the lack of accountability that results from users' anonymity,[177] the insertion of false information,[178] vandalism, and similar problems. Carpet binding is usually cotton or nylon, but also comes in many other materials such as leather. [245][246] Twelver Shiism developed Ja'fari jurisprudence whose branches are Akhbarism and Usulism, and other movements such as Alawites, Shaykism[247] and Alevism.[248][249]. [15] Although there is evidence of goats and sheep being sheared for wool and hair which was spun and woven as far back at the 7th millennium, the earliest surviving pile carpet is the "Pazyryk carpet", which dates from the 5th-4th century BC. Sunnis believe that the true political successor of Muhammad according to the Sunnah should be selected based on Shura (consultation), as was done at the Saqifah which selected Abu Bakr, Muhammad's father-in-law, to be Muhammad's political but not his religious successor. Non-synthetic binding is frequently used with bamboo, grass and wool rugs, but is often used with carpet made from other materials. Kashmir carpets are also hand-knotted. The Savonnerie manufactory was moved to the Gobelins in Paris in 1826. See 1,688 traveler reviews, 1,471 candid photos, and great deals for Rixos Pera Istanbul, ranked #185 of 2,481 hotels in Istanbul and rated 4.5 of 5 at Tripadvisor. [104][105], Muslims in India have a much higher total fertility rate (TFR) compared to that of other religious communities in the country. [18] Wikipedia began as a complementary project for Nupedia, a free online English-language encyclopedia project whose articles were written by experts and reviewed under a formal process. The chief difference between them is that whereas Brussels loop-pile is secured satisfactorily by the insertion of two picks of weft to each wire (2-shot), the Wilton cut-pile is woven more often with three picks of weft to each wire (3-shot) to ensure that the tufts are firmly secured in the carpet backing. [46], An 18th century Savonnerie tapisserie at the Palace of Versailles. [5] The figurative expression "pull the rug out from under (someone)", meaning to "suddenly deprive of important support" is first attested to in 1936, in American English. There are sizeable non-Muslim minorities in many Muslim-majority countries, includes, Christians, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews, Bahai's, Druzes, Yazidis, Mandaeans, Yarsanis and Zoroastrians. The succeeding Umayyad Caliphate attempted two failed sieges of Constantinople in 674678 and 717718. WebMadrasa (/ m d r s /, also US: /-r s-/, UK: / m d r s /; Arabic: [mdr.s, mad.ra.sa] (), pl. [44], Oriental carpets began to appear in Europe after the Crusades in the 11th century, due to contact by Crusaders with Eastern traders. [310][311][312] This was done after Wikipedia started to use HTTPS encryption, which made selective censorship more difficult. [17][18] The eminent authority of ancient carpets, Ulrich Schurmann, says of it, "From all the evidence available I am convinced that the Pazyryk rug was a funeral accessory and most likely a masterpiece of Armenian workmanship". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum. H.G. WebAll Models Different Rates Contact Whatsapp (View phone number) Related ads. [323], During the COVID-19 pandemic, Wikipedia's coverage of the pandemic received international media attention, and brought an increase in Wikipedia readership overall. ", "Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress", "Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves", "Google eating into Wikipedia page views? [256][257][258] Pew Research Center estimates indicate that in 2010, more than 64 million Christians lived in countries with Muslim majorities (excluding Nigeria). [379], A 2017 MIT study suggests that words used on Wikipedia articles end up in scientific publications. 3, pp. Parts of Assam were not included in the 1981 census data due to violence in some districts. Soage, Ana Beln. With Minister Moulai Tarmal, they had honoured the Fatimid dawat along with their fellow citizens on the call of Moulai Abdullah. In India, most Khojas live in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and the city of Hyderabad. According to legend, two travellers from India, Moulai Abdullah (formerly known as Baalam Nath) and Maulai Nuruddin (Rupnath), went to the court of Imam Mustansir (427487AH)/(1036-1094 CE) and were so impressed that they converted to Islam and came back to preach in India in 467AH/1073 CE. 'dare to know'), social networks have led to a culture of "dare not to care to know". Further, Wikipedia intends to convey only knowledge that is already established and recognized. [citation needed], One of the most influential Muslim philosophers in the West was Averroes (Ibn Rushd), founder of the Averroism school of philosophy, whose works and commentaries affected the rise of secular thought in Europe. chanel& (43824839) chanel& 2019 chanel vip Shop our chanel blanket selection from top sellers and makers around the world. Size. Secularism in India is being seen by some as a favour to the Muslims, and not an imperative for democracy. OTHER OPPO,VIVO,REALME MODELS AVAILABLE AS WELL [51] The Beauvais manufactory, better known for their tapestry, also made knotted pile carpets from 1780 to 1792. [21] Wales is credited with defining the goal of making a publicly editable encyclopedia,[22][23] while Sanger is credited with the strategy of using a wiki to reach that goal. The Sufis' orthodox approach towards Islam made it easier for Hindus to practice. He claimed to be the promised messiah and mahdi awaited by the Muslims and obtained a considerable number of followers initially within the United Provinces, the Punjab and Sindh. [304] For instance, the Islamic prophet Muhammad is related to have said: "The first thing God created was the pen. I find no parallel in history for a body of converts and their descendants claiming to be a nation apart from the parent stock. Many devices and applications optimize or enhance the display of Wikipedia content for mobile devices, while some also incorporate additional features such as use of Wikipedia metadata, such as geoinformation. The All India Muslim Personal Law Board was established for the protection and continued applicability of "Muslim Personal Law", i.e. Out of 1021 samples in this study, only 17 samples showed E haplogroup and all of them were Shias. [272], In 1989 there was a social boycott by the Buddhists of the Muslims of Leh district. Perhaps the most infamous acts of anti-Christian persecution by Muslims were committed by Tipu Sultan, the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, against the Mangalorean Catholics. This is an early example which illustrates how the Hindu-Muslim conflict and the Muslim-Sikh conflicts are connected. With 42.9million unique visitors, it was ranked #9, surpassing The New York Times (#10) and Apple (#11). East India Company's Robert Clive meeting the Nawabs of Bengal before the Battle of Plassey. [16], A research regarding the comparison of Y chromosomes of Indian Muslims with other Indian groups was published in 2005. [5] To be called on the carpet means to be summoned for a serious reason, typically a scolding reprimand; this usage dates from 1900,[60] referring to the carpeted office of a person in authority, such as a schoolmaster or employer. Both nylon 6 and nylon 6-6 are used. About 47 percent of Wikipedia readers do not realize that Wikipedia is a non-profit organization. young teenage girls anal. [68] Eschewing tribal bonds and Islamic identity, especially under Akbar, the Mughals united their far-flung realms through loyalty, expressed through a Persianised culture, to an emperor who had near-divine status. Its increasing population and more than 70 million middle-class consumers are the powerful agents that can turn innovative business ideas in Pakistan into a reality.. All you have to do is to kick off your [267], Egypt has one of the largest Christian population in the Muslim world[268], Bangladesh has the largest Hindu population in the Muslim world, Turkey has the largest Jewish population in the Muslim world[269], The literacy rate in the Muslim world varies. [263] Among Arab countries, the largest Jewish community now exists in Morocco with about 2,000 Jews and in Tunisia with about 1,000. [213], Considerable controversy exists both in scholarly and public opinion about the conversions to Islam typically represented by the following schools of thought:[214], Embedded within this lies the concept of Islam as a foreign imposition and Hinduism being a natural condition of the natives who resisted, resulting in the failure of the project to Islamize the Indian subcontinent and is highly embroiled within the politics of the partition and communalism in India. [195], Islamism (also often called political Islam or Islamic fundamentalism)[196] is a political ideology which posits that modern states and regions should be reconstituted in constitutional, economic and judicial terms, in accordance with what is conceived as a revival or a return to authentic Islamic practice in its totality. For instance, on the English Wikipedia and some other language editions, only registered users may create a new article. [179] Amy Bruckman has argued that, due to the number of reviewers, "the content of a popular Wikipedia page is actually the most reliable form of information ever created". Islamic architecture in India can be classified into three sections: Delhi or the imperial style (11911557 CE); the provincial style, encompassing the surrounding areas like Ahmedabad, Jaunpur and the Deccan; and the Mughal architecture style (15261707 CE). This entire structure is covered with an elaborate dome. Liaquatabad, Karachi 1 day ago. The last quarter of the 20th century saw the rapid decline of the labour-intensive Brussels Wilton carpets. [116]:62 A difference from Quaker meetings is the absence of a facilitator in the presence of disagreement, a role played by the clerk in Quaker meetings. According to Robin Wright, Islamist movements have "arguably altered the Middle East more than any trend since the modern states gained independence", redefining "politics and even borders". The sense of communal harmony between Hindus and Muslims in the post-partition period was compromised greatly by the razing of the Babri Mosque in Ayodhya. Oriental Rugs in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The article stated it had been approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in 2011. Mongol armies capture of the Alamut, Persian miniature. [373] Methods similar to wikification can in turn be used to find "missing" links in Wikipedia. [139], When multiple editors contribute to one topic or set of topics, systemic bias may arise, due to the demographic backgrounds of the editors. Many dyes, such as vegetable dyes, are used to impart rich color. Some analysts such as Graham E. Fuller describe it as a form of identity politics, involving "support for [Muslim] identity, authenticity, broader regionalism, revivalism, [and] revitalization of the community. The local carpets have been prized at exhibitions in London, Paris, Lige and Brussels. Its main figures were Bomis CEO Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, editor-in-chief for Nupedia and later Wikipedia. [128][129] In the 19th century the Deobandi, a revivalist movement in Sunni Islam was established in India. Concept Publishing Company. Famously depicted in European paintings of The Renaissance, beautiful Anatolian rugs were often used from then until modern times, to indicate the high economic and social status of the owner. AND MUCH MORE *3D flooring - Search Online Etymology Dictionary", Textile Museum (George Washington University), Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carpet&oldid=1122814495, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with Armenian-language sources (hy), Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles needing additional references from March 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2019, Articles with incomplete citations from December 2018, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 November 2022, at 22:43. Similar publications are the German-language Kurier, and the Portuguese-language Correio da Wikipdia. Cannons and guns belonging to the Aceh Sultanate (in modern Indonesia). [124] As Wikipedia grew, "Who writes Wikipedia?" Wall PVC Paneling Artificial grass carpeting Wallpapers Vinyl & wooden flooring False Ceiling : Call or WhatsApp WALLPAPER Rates Starting 3000/- to 3500/- The number of Wikipedia editors has been declining after several years and Tom Simonite of MIT Technology Review claims the bureaucratic structure and rules are a factor in this. [113] They existed primarily between the fourteenth and the late seventeenth centuries. [117], Bullocks dragging siege-guns up hill during Mughal Emperor Akbar's Siege of Ranthambore Fort in 1568.[118]. [258] Additionally, there are bots designed to automatically notify editors when they make common editing errors (such as unmatched quotes or unmatched parentheses). The Muhammadan Period, The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians. The authors focused on behavioral changes of the encyclopedia's administrators after assuming the post, writing that systematic bias occurred after the fact.[218][219]. [205][206] Wikipedia contains materials that some people may find objectionable, offensive, or pornographic. [232][233], The perceived toxic attitudes and tolerance of violent and abusive language were reasons put forth in 2013 for the gender gap in Wikipedia editorship. [295], Distinguishing motifs of Islamic architecture have always been ordered repetition, radiating structures, and rhythmic, metric patterns. The newly formed governments were completely unequipped to deal with migrations of such staggering magnitude, and massive violence and slaughter occurred on both sides of the border. Sanger coined its name as a blend of wiki and encyclopedia. The King hosted the South African President on the first State Visit of his reign. Patterns for tiled carpets made of a number of squares, called Berlin wool work, were introduced in Germany in 1804, and became extremely popular in England in the 1830s. [104] The industrial uses of watermills in the Islamic world date back to the 7th century, while horizontal-wheeled and vertical-wheeled water mills were both in widespread use since at least the 9th century. "[277], When the project was started in 2001, all text in Wikipedia was covered by the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), a copyleft license permitting the redistribution, creation of derivative works, and commercial use of content while authors retain copyright of their work. (Zainuddin Makhdoom II "Tuhafat Ul Mujahideen" is also a reliable work. Bloomberg Businessweek reported in July 2014 that Google's Android mobile apps have dominated the largest share of global smartphone shipments for 2013 with 78.6% of market share over their next closest competitor in iOS with 15.2% of the market. The transfer of these technologies to medieval Europe had an influence on the Industrial Revolution, particularly from the proto-industrialised Mughal Bengal and Tipu Sultan's Kingdom, through the conquests of the East India Company. There are many stories about magic carpets, legendary flying carpets that can be used to transport people who are on it instantaneously or quickly to their destination. [212] Across 30 language editions of Wikipedia, historical articles and sections are generally Eurocentric and focused on recent events. Cutting the rug is a slang term for dancing which originated in 1942. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in the aftermath of the Aga Khan case a significant minority separated and adopted Twelver Shi'ism or Sunni Islam, while the majority remained Nizr Ism'l. His writings were concerned with various subjects, most notably philosophy and medicine. [8][9] In 2006, Time magazine stated that the policy of allowing anyone to edit had made Wikipedia the "biggest (and perhaps best) encyclopedia in the world". [4] It is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American non-profit organization funded mainly through donations. WebUse the tab key or shift plus tab keys to move between the menu items. [7] The expression "snug as a bug in a rug" means "wrapped up tight, warm, and comfortable". Undertale Sans Poster By KrakenTShirts $15.56 $25.94 (40% off) Switzerland Yann Sommer Poster By IcalsaidArt *Electric Work. Tattoos are a common yet permanent body decoration. The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah. Women learn their weaving skills at an early age, taking months or even years to complete the beautiful pile rugs and flat woven kilims that were created for their use in every aspect of daily life. He is considered founder of this industry in Pakistan. The carpet industry in India has been successful in establishing social business models that help underprivileged sections of the society. Some South Asian Muslims have been known to stratify their society according to qaums. Architecture of India took new shape with the advent of Islamic rule in India towards the end of the 12th century CE. One is a lunar calendar that is most widely used among Muslims. [citation needed], During much of the 20th century, the Islamic identity and the dominance of Islam on political issues have arguably increased during the early 21st century. If we did, we would remove it. [126], A 2008 study found that Wikipedians were less agreeable, open, and conscientious than others,[132][133] although a later commentary pointed out serious flaws, including that the data showed higher openness and that the differences with the control group and the samples were small. [300] At the time of the Tretikov appointment and her posted web interview[citation needed] with Sue Gardner in May 2014, Wikimedia representatives made a technical announcement concerning the number of mobile access systems in the market seeking access to Wikipedia. West Bengal became part of India, and a similar partition of the Punjab province became West Punjab (later the Pakistani Punjab and Islamabad Capital Territory) and East Punjab (later the Indian Punjab, as well as Haryana and Himachal Pradesh). The production of a single 3 by 4m (9.8 by 13.1ft) carpet takes about 50 days; primarily women engage in carpet weaving. A quantitative analysis of open international data, Indian Ocean in World History, A free online educational resource, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muslim_world&oldid=1126596265, All articles with broken links to citations, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2010, Articles needing additional references from June 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles that may contain original research from June 2020, All articles that may contain original research, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, All articles with links needing disambiguation, Articles with links needing disambiguation from December 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2010, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022, Articles to be expanded from February 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2021, Articles that may contain original research from January 2018, Articles with failed verification from January 2018, Articles lacking reliable references from July 2020, Articles needing additional references from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The original concept is derived from a pre-Islamic Persian prototype Hezr Afsn (Thousand Fables) that relied on particular Indian elements. His Chishti Order went on to become the most influential Sufi lineage in India, although other orders from Central Asia and Southwest Asia also reached India and played a major role in the spread of Islam. [113] Noted Indian sociologist, B.K. [261], According to Andrew Lih, the current expansion of Wikipedia to millions of articles would be difficult to envision without the use of such bots. [5], Sultan Mahmud of Ghaznireceiving a richly decorated robe of honor from the caliphal-Qadirin 1000. On a later episode, he commented on the edits to the article, most of them offensive, which had been made by the audience and had prompted the article to be locked from editing. A. Ghani Khan Choudhury, Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi, Salman Khurshid, Saifuddin Soz, E. Ahamed, Ghulam Nabi Azad, Syed Shahnawaz Hussain, Asaduddin Owaisi, Azam Khan and Badruddin Ajmal, Najma Heptulla. *False Ceiling [278] His assertion was that castes would be mandated through state laws or "Zawabi" and would carry precedence over Sharia law whenever they were in conflict. The first Indian mosque, Cheraman Juma Mosque, is thought to have been built in 629 CE by Malik Deenar[39] although some historians say the first mosque was in Gujarat in between 610 and 623 CE. [221][222] Sanger later clarified that the images, which were related to pedophilia and one about lolicon, were not of real children, but said that they constituted "obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children", under the PROTECT Act of 2003. [40] A team at the Palo Alto Research Center attributed this slowing of growth to the project's increasing exclusivity and resistance to change. [237][238] The foundation's 2013 IRS Form 990 shows revenue of $39.7million and expenses of almost $29million, with assets of $37.2million and liabilities of about $2.3million. [131][132][133] Because the terms 'Muslim world' and 'Islamic world' are disputed, since no country is homogeneously Muslim, and there is no way to determine at what point a Muslim minority in a country is to be considered 'significant' enough, there is no consensus on how to define the Muslim world geographically. Almost half of Wikipedia readers visit the site more than five times a month, and a similar number of readers specifically look for Wikipedia in search engine results. Such a "mutually reverting edit pair" is defined where one editor reverts the edit of another editor who then, in sequence, returns to revert the first editor in the "mutually reverting edit pairs". He described it as "a work of reference as useful as any in existence", with so wide a range that it is almost impossible to find a person, place, or thing that it has left uncovered and that he could never have written his last two books without it.[362][363]. Some of the most popular motifs are wreaths, acanthus leaves and pomegranates. [196] Some authors prefer the term "Islamic activism",[205] while Islamist political figures such as Rached Ghannouchi use the term "Islamic movement" rather than Islamism. [156] No comment was made concerning which of the differentiated edit policy standards from Wikipedia in other languages (non-English Wikipedia) would provide a possible alternative to English Wikipedia for effectively ameliorating substantial editor attrition rates on the English-language Wikipedia. (13th century). B. There are sizeable Muslim populations in China and Russia. [60] More than 162million people viewed the blackout explanation page that temporarily replaced its content. Batuta's memoirs also indicate that Muslims from the Arab world, Persia and Anatolia were often favoured with important posts at the royal courts, suggesting that locals may have played a somewhat subordinate role in the Delhi administration. ", "The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity", "Religions: Muslim 95% (Sunni 75%, Shia 20%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 5%", "Pakistan International Religious Freedom Report 2008", "Early Warning Signs of Shia Genocide in Pakistan", "Suicide bombs kill 39 near Shi'ite mosques in Pakistan", Abul-Qsim Sulaiman ibn Ahmad ibn at-Tabarn, Alevi-Islam Religious Services The message of zzettin Doan, "Global Christianity A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population", "VI- November 30: Commemorating the expulsion of Jews from Arab lands", "Zoroastrianism i. Carpets made for the Mughal emperors, including Jahangir and Shah Jahan, were of the finest quality. Azerbaijan became the first secular republic in the Muslim world, between 1918 and 1920, before it was incorporated into the Soviet Union. [33][34][35][36] According to Qissat Shakarwati Farmad, the Masjids at Kodungallur, Kollam, Madayi, Barkur, Mangalore, Kasaragod, Kannur, Dharmadam, Panthalayini, and Chaliyam, were built during the era of Malik Dinar, and they are among the oldest Masjids in the Indian subcontinent. [248] Many of them have been living in abject conditions in refugee camps of Jammu. [citation needed]. All but one sura of the Quran begins with the phrase "In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful". With the advent of European colonialism in India with the demise of the Mughal empire beginning in the 18th century, Christians were persecuted in some Muslim-ruled princely states in India. This richly coloured carpet is 200 x 183cm (6'6" x 6'0") and framed by a border of griffins. [389][390], See also: Logic machines in fiction and List of fictional computers, This article is about the online encyclopedia. "For God's sake, you're in college; don't cite the encyclopedia", he said. Commercial grade carpets can be glued directly to the floor or installed over a 1/4" thick, 8-pound density padding. Muhammad bin Qasim (672 CE) at the age of 17 was the first Muslim general to invade the Indian subcontinent, managing to reach Sindh. This calendar enumerates the Hijri era, whose epoch was established as the Islamic New Year in 622 CE. Almost all the exporters and manufacturers who are running their business at Lahore, Faisalabad and Karachi have their area offices in Sangla Hill. [80] The Moors also had a noticeable influence on the works of George Peele and William Shakespeare. 3 3. We promise to deliver a dreamland for your Home and Office as per your desire. In January 2018, Jamitha reportedly became the first woman to lead a Jumu'ah prayer service in India. [1][20] Nupedia was initially licensed under its own Nupedia Open Content License, but before Wikipedia was founded, Nupedia switched to the GNU Free Documentation License at the urging of Richard Stallman. Both vertical and horizontal looms have been used in the production of European and oriental carpets. Famous Afghan rugs include the Shindand or Adraskan (named after local Afghan villages), woven in the Herat area in western Afghanistan. Hakim ibn Jabalah al-Abdi's poem in praise of Ali ibn Abu Talib: "India" in this page refers to the territory of present-day. In contrast to the indigenous Indian architecture which was of the trabeate order, i.e. Das, Arbind, Arthashastra of Kautilya and Fatwa-i-Jahandari of Ziauddin Barrani: an analysis, Pratibha Publications, Delhi 1996, Civil-military relations: regional perspectives, Morris Janowitz, Inter-university Seminar on Armed Forces and Society, Sage Publications, 1981. p. 118. [280] He was critical of Ashraf antipathy towards the Ajlaf and Arzal and attempts to palliate sectarian divisions. Rather than giving supernatural or mythological explanations for these events, Ibn al-Nafis attempted to explain these plot elements using the scientific knowledge of biology, astronomy, cosmology and geology known in his time. [273] In 2016, the level of contributions were reported by Bloomberg News as being at $77million annually, updating the Jaffe estimates for the higher level of support to between $3.08million and $19.2million annually.[273]. [67], As of November 2022, 55,800 Wikipedia English articles have been cited 92,300 times in scholarly journals,[68] from which cloud computing was the most cited page. Sektevorming". He was also the former Vice Chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia, Secretary of the Department of Ocean Development and the founder of Polar Research in India. For example, the German Wikipedia maintains "stable versions" of articles[77] which have passed certain reviews. [217] By comparison, for the German Wikipedia, the three largest conflict rates at the time of the Oxford study were for the articles covering Croatia, Scientology, and 9/11 conspiracy theories. WELCOME TO MOBILE HUB [50][254] The estimates for reinvestment by industrial organizations into internal research and development was studied by Adam Jaffe, who recorded that the range of 4% to 25% annually was to be recommended, with high-end technology requiring the higher level of support for internal reinvestment. [266], Wikipedia currently runs on dedicated clusters of Linux servers running the Debian operating system. [120] The same survey also pointed out that percentage of couples actively using family planning measures was more than 49% among Hindus against 37% among Muslims. This is while Wikipedia faces "a more concerning problem" than funding, namely "a flattening growth rate in the number of contributors to the website". Bahauddin Makbara, mausoleum of the Wazir of Junagadh, Gujarat, 400-year-old Makkah Masjid, Hyderabad. It includes Arabic, Persian, Ottoman, and Urdu calligraphy. [136][137][138][failed verification] Turkey has been governed as a secular state since the reforms of Mustafa Kemal Atatrk. [36] Wales then announced that Wikipedia would not display advertisements, and changed Wikipedia's domain from wikipedia.com to wikipedia.org. The traditional domain of rugs from faraway continents, hand knotted squares and rugs use the expertise of weavers to produce work of the finest quality. Carpet bombing is a type of bombing from airplanes which developed in the 20th century in which an entire city is bombed (rather than precise strikes on military targets). New York: Oxford University Press, 1938-9. French campaign in Egypt and Syria against the Mamluks and Ottomans. 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