Text taken from Open Educational Resources: Policy, Costs and Transformation, 8, 17, 2021, Miao, Fengchun; Mishra, Sanjaya; McGreal, Rory, UNESCO. Environmentalism has also began to make waves in the development of the global South, as the First World takes on the responsibility of helping developing countries to combat environmental issues produced and prolonged by conditions of poverty. (2012). Featured prominently in the evidence was scaffolding (Hmelo-Silver et al., 2007), described as posing open-ended questions (Haler et al., 2015), encouraging knowledge sharing, monitoring discussions, and providing hints and guiding questions (Hushman and Marley, 2015), coaching, feedback, worked examples, and modeling (Alfieri et al., 2011). Think. Wikipedia is the most used resource. Strengthens physical activity and diet quality. Watkins, D., and Biggs, J. The Conference laid out the role, objectives, and characteristics of environmental education, and provided several goals and principles for environmental education. Crisis in the Kindergarten: Why Children Need to Play in School. 1998. Br. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences". A consistent evidence base of the contribution of all kinds of museums to the full range of public service agendas will be developed. Key guiding questions to answer regarding learning through play and facilitation include: - How do teachers and schools ensure opportunities are provided for a range of facilitation types when children learn through play, and for what activity, outcome and purpose? Boston: Allyn and Bacon. [7][8][9][10] Although working definitions of the term OER may vary somewhat based on the context of their use,[11] the 2019 definition provided by UNESCO provides shared language useful for shaping an understanding of the characteristics of OER. Nusbaum, Amy T. (2020). This page was last edited on 11 November 2022, at 17:22. A variety of definitions have been used for different purposes over time. doi: 10.1007/s11165-007-9064-7, Cattaneo, K. H. (2017). Am. During the same period, a French movement with similar aims was being developed under the direction of Eugne Viollet-le-Duc, an architect and theorist, famous for his restorations of medieval buildings. [8] Until the early 20th century, artists were normally the ones called upon to repair damaged artworks. (2014). Schools can integrate environmental education into their curricula with sufficient funding from EE policies. Majorities of U.S. adults believe their personal data is less secure now, that data collection poses more risks than benefits, and that it is not possible to go through daily life without being tracked. [46] The role of environmental education in the South is centered around potential economic growth in development projects, as explicitly stated by the UNESCO, to apply environmental education for sustainable development through a "creative and effective use of human potential and all forms of capital to ensure rapid and more equitable economic growth, with minimal impact on the environment". Preschool instructional approaches and age 35 health and well-being. They know that "to be successful, greening initiatives require both grassroots support from the student body and top down support from high-level campus administrators. Open educational resources (OER)[1] are teaching, learning, and research materials intentionally created and licensed to be free for the end user to own, share, and in most cases, modify. In response to COVID-19, the Principal Institute has partnered with Fieth Consulting, LLC, California State University's SkillsCommons and MERLOT to create a free online resource hub designed to help Administrators, Teachers, Students, and Families more effectively support teaching and learning online. Person as author : Pedr, Francesc Person as author : Subosa, Miguel Person as author : Rivas, Axel Learn. doi: 10.1080/00220671.2014.899958. OER Commons also provides educators tools to align OER to the Common Core State Standards; to evaluate the quality of OER to OER Rubrics; and to contribute and share OERs with other teachers and learners worldwide. Adding to the challenge of implementing learning through play within the school context, most learning through play policy and research focuses largely on pre-school rather than primary school settings (Bubikova-Moan et al., 2019). Early Years 20, 2029. [56], An historical antecedent to consider is the pedagogy of artist Joseph Beuys and the founding of the Free International University for Creativity and Interdisciplinary Research in 1973. Teachers are understandably skeptical about adopting playful pedagogies without a clear understanding of the how and why (Martlew et al., 2011). (2014). (2016) described their enriched discovery learning program designed to foster first graders thinking skills as featuring strong teacher-guidance. Mentions lgales
7, 104112. Museums will fulfil their potential as learning resources (pp 710). |
| College Open Textbooks Blog", "Aims and Objectives | DELILA Project Blog", "DELILA Embedding Digital and Information Literacy OERs into the PG Cert", "OER@AVU Open Educational Resources by the African Virtual University", "Community college to offer textbook-free degree", "Open Educational Resources at Northern Virginia Community College", "Digitale lremidler i videregende opplring Oppflging av Revidert Nasjonalbudsjett for 2006", "Lov om grunnskolen og den vidaregande opplringa (opplringslova) Lovdata", "Open Educational Resources and Creative Commons", "Developing open education literacies with practicing K-12 teachers", "Leading Teaching Learning OnlineToolkit", "Maryland Open Source Textbook (M.O.S.T.) The EPA has their own definition of what environmental education should be and it is as follows. There is abundant evidence of what works in education (Hattie, 2009). Parker and Thomsen (2019) attempted to address this issue by defining each approach and describing the impact from peer reviewed empirical studies, making the review valuable to educators who use, plan to use, or plan to refine their practice regarding playful pedagogies. "Ecology, environment and education,". Another obstacle facing the implementation of environmental education lies the quality of education itself. OER have been used in educational contexts in a variety of ways, and researchers and practitioners have proposed different names for such practices. When learners have the opportunity to practice making meaningful choices about their project or inquiry topic and how it is undertaken, in conjunction with teacher support and facilitation, learners demonstrate greater engagement, motivation and positive disposition toward learning. Open educational resources include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge. The Framework for Quality LTP (Learning through Play) offers a basic structure to think about, understand, apply, and evaluate learning through play and playful pedagogies. Copyright 2022 Parker, Thomsen and Berry. Minnesota: Education Evolving. L'acception des cookies permettra la lecture et l'analyse des informations ainsi que le bon fonctionnement des technologies associes. An understanding of the new technologies is imperative to get them stream-lined and accepted by the vast majority of the public.[42]. Early child development: A powerful equalizer: Final report. Maryland: Alliance for Childhood. M. D. 2015. Would You Use Them? The UAE hosts the Regional Center for Collecting data on childrens experience of the emotions they felt, both positive and negative, and how they rate the challenge is important to understanding how children experience learning through play. [120], In 2010 the University of Birmingham and the London School of Economics worked together on the HEA and JISC funded DELILA project, the main aim of the project was to release a small sample of open educational resources to support embedding digital and information literacy education into institutional teacher training courses accredited by the HEA including PGCerts and other CPD courses. This solution also contributes to the creation of customized textbooks where each professor could select the sections appropriate for their courses or could freely adapt existing sections to their needs. Faculty can find, create, and share reading lists of open access materials. Direct instruction vs. discovery: the long view. Developmentally Appropriate Play: Guiding Young Children to a Higher Level.
Through the EPA Environmental Education (EE) Grant Program, public schools, communities agencies, and NGO's are eligible to receive federal funding for local educational projects that reflect the EPA's priorities: air quality, water quality, chemical safety, and public participation among the communities. [34], In 2017, a study found that high school science textbooks and government resources on climate change from USA, EU, Canada and Australia did focus their recommendations for CO2 emission reductions on lower-impact actions instead of promoting the most effective emission-reduction strategies.[35]. Educ. Art historians and theorists such as Cesare Brandi have also played a significant role in developing conservation science theory. DCMS to take full account of the eventual findings of the current Commons Select Committee enquiry into Care of Collections in the final version of this document, The adoption of those recommendations of the recent House of Lords inquiry into, This page was last edited on 27 November 2022, at 09:18. 121-135. Three decades in: priming for meta-analysis in play-literacy research. 38, 22392258. This paper addresses the disconnect between policy, research and practice by presenting a range of empirical studies across a number of well-known pedagogies. [30], Since OER are intended to be available for a variety of educational purposes, some organizations using OER neither award degrees nor provide academic or administrative support to students seeking college credits towards a diploma from a degree granting accredited institution. With the idea that many college level courses rely on more than a single textbook to deliver information to students, the OACR is inspired by library courses reserves in that it supplies entire reading lists for typical courses. J. Even as a necessary tool for the proliferation of environmental stewardship, environmental education implemented in the South varies and addresses environmental issues in relation to their impact different communities and specific community needs. A nuanced understanding of the different types of play facilitation can help teachers to meaningfully reflect on their practice by identifying the types and balance within the context and purpose of a lesson, and the impact of these facilitation approaches on student experience and learning outcomes (Zosh et al., 2018). Later that decade, in 1977, the Intergovernmental Conference on Environmental Education in Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union emphasized the role of Environmental Education in preserving and improving the global environment and sought to provide the framework and guidelines for environmental education. The Treaty, in 65 statements, outlines the role of environmental education in facilitating sustainable development through all aspects of democratized participation and provides a methodology for the Treaty's signatories. The resulting Paris OER Declaration (2012) reaffirmed the shared commitment of international organizations, governments, and institutions to promoting the open licensing and free sharing of publicly funded content, the development of national policies and strategies on OER, capacity-building, and open research. 24, 307317. Prsentation
Also, the local professors will be the sink and source of the knowledge, contextualized to the Latin American Higher Education system. Two hats. doi: 10.1111/mbe.12015. In 2015, the MGH Institute of Health Professions, with help from an Institute of Museum and Library Services Grant (#SP-02-14-0), launched the Open Access Course Reserves (OACR). London: James and James. Today, OER initiatives across the United States rely on individual college and university librarians to curate resources into lists on library content management systems called LibGuides. Caring for the Past: Issues in Conservation for Archaeology and Museums. Play in the primary school classroom? In a first manifestation of this movement, MIT entered a partnership with Utah State University, where assistant professor of instructional technology David Wiley set up a distributed peer support network for the OCW's content through voluntary, self-organizing communities of interest. The Importance of Play. Med. [116] In 10 weeks, 150 authors contributed more than 50 chapters to the CCMOOC eBook and companion site. Do not sell or share my personal information. Woodhead, M., and Moss, P. (eds) (2007). [68][8] For example, research from the Czech Republic has proved most students said they use OER as often as or more often than classical materials. Another dilemma is that many conservation-grade materials are chosen because they do not biodegrade. 31, 360375. [16] Comstock and the other leaders of the movement, such as Liberty Hyde Bailey, helped Nature Study garner tremendous amounts of support from community leaders, teachers, and scientists to change the science curriculum for children across the United States. PDF | The Education for All (EFA) movement is a global commitment to provide quality basic education for all children, youth and adults. Video: How do Americans define online harassment. The design of the learning experience brings together the intentions for learning and experience of play. Socially-induced brain fertilization: play promotes brain derived neurotrophic factor transcription in the amygdala and dorsolateral frontal cortex in juvenile rats. While OER must be hosted and disseminated, and some require funding, OER development can take different routes, such as creation, adoption, adaptation and curation. Social media is an important tool for consumers, with some Americans particularly younger adults turning to influencer recommendations. (Est. The Government of Pakistan (Urdu: , romanized: hakmat-e pkistn) abbreviated as GoP, is a federal government established by the Constitution of Pakistan as a constituted governing authority of the four provinces, two autonomous territories, and one federal territory of a parliamentary democratic republic, constitutionally called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The nature study movement used fables and moral lessons to help students develop an appreciation of nature and embrace the natural world. Parker and Thomsen (2019) unpacked the ways in which each of these approaches aligned with the definition of learning through play, for example, how they involved iteration to explore new concepts or ideas, or how they involved interaction with peers to foster socio-emotional learning. One of several tensions in reaching a consensus description of OER (as found in the above definitions) is whether there should be explicit emphasis placed on specific technologies. doi: 10.1037/a0021017. (2008). Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended problem found in trigger material. New Approaches Educ. Fullan, M., and Langworthy, M. (2014). Child. This includes knowledge acquisition, Statistics Explained is an official Eurostat website presenting statistical topics in an easily understandable way. [80], To encourage more researchers to join in the field of OER, the Open Education Group has created an "OER Research Fellowship" program, which selects 1530 doctoral students and early career researchers in North America (US and Canada). [41], Renewable energy education (REE) is a relatively new field of education. There are a few central qualities involved in environmental education that are useful contributions to the individual. Wikipedia ranks in the top-ten most visited websites worldwide since 2007. This field is closely allied with conservation science, According to Wiley & Hilton (2018),[17] the two popular terms used are "open pedagogy" and "open educational practices". Topics addressed at the congress include stressing the importance of environmental education and its role to empower, establishing partnerships to promote environmental education, how to mainstream environmental and sustainability, and even how to make universities "greener". However, there are critical steps in the research process required to determine the validity of the framework across different contexts. Essmiller, K., & Asino, T. (2021). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222447, Mastrangelo, S. (2009). The early years policy and practice disconnect is widely acknowledged and documented. Gray, P. (2011). Without clear and precise definitions of these terms, it remains difficult to know if contributors to the debate are talking about the same thing or if the conceptions held by different stakeholders are congruent. - To what extent are a range of holistic learning outcomes included and connected within the curriculum? Accessing the Inaccessible: redefining Play as a Spectrum. Geneva: World Health Organization. However, it is more common in the field of conservation today that the training required to become a practicing conservator comes from a recognized university course in conservation of cultural heritage.[47]. The pedagogies employed in these two settings are often starkly different, particularly when comparing preschool and the early primary years beyond year one (Woodhead and Moss, 2007). George Perkins Marsh discoursed on humanity's integral part of the natural world. The evidence that play supports learning is considerable. Hushman, C. J., and Marley, S. C. (2015). The report made four recommendations:[43]. Smart learning programmes, new teachers' codes, licensing and evaluations systems, as well as curriculum revision, including teaching math and science in English, are all part of the strategy. The hallmark of Connexions is the use of a custom XML format CNXML, designed to aid and enable mixing and reuse of the content. |
Other barriers to implementing learning through play include assessment and accountability. [115] Massive open online course (MOOC) platforms have also generated interest in building online eBooks. 41, 806825. Globally recognized definitions of early childhood span the years zero to eight (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020), meaning that early childhood education straddles the two distinct learning contexts of preschool and school. From Fall 2013 to Fall 2016, more than 15,000 students had enrolled in NOVA OER courses yielding textbook cost savings of over 2 million dollars over the three-year period. This page may have been moved, deleted, or is otherwise unavailable. (2017). challenges in OER could be addressed. Prev. doi: 10.1080/09500693.2016.1234085, Dilkes, J., Cunningham, C., and Gray, J. The above definitions expose some of the tensions that exist with OER: These definitions also have common elements, namely they all: Given the diversity of users, creators and sponsors of open educational resources, it is not surprising to find a variety of use cases and requirements. Conservation activities include preventive conservation, examination, documentation, research, treatment, and education. PDF | On Jan 1, 2013, A Gary Dworkin and others published The sociology of education | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Some researchers have used synonymous terms, for example active learning in order to achieve legitimacy at school (Martlew et al., 2011; Smith, 2015). Find more varied ways for a broader range of skills to come into museums. The initial selection of OER textbooks in history, economics, geography and social studies was issued in August 2015. Bliss, T. J., Hilton, J., Wiley, D., & Thanos, K. (2013, January 7). Sci. This initiative encourages and supports local professors and authors to contribute with individual sections or chapters that could be assembled into customized books by the whole community. Clarke, D.A.G. Big Blue Interactive's Corner Forum is one of the premiere New York Giants fan-run message boards. Teach. Together, the articles make up an encyclopedia of European statistics for everyone, completed by a statistical glossary clarifying all terms used and by numerous links to further information and the latest data and A virtual platform for Swedish OER initiatives and resources will also be developed. (2011) description of purposeful integration of child-led, teacher-guided, and teacher-led learning as best practice in early childhood education settings including primary school. Further, the lay definition of play is to engage in an activity for enjoyment or recreation rather than a serious purpose (Oxford University Press, 2020). Teach. 5, 311351. (Petika, 2018)[79], A 2018 Charles University study presents that Wikipedia is the most used OER for students of environmental studies (used by 95% of students) and argues educational institutions should focus their attention on it (e.g. [81] The Open University in UK has run another program aimed at supporting doctoral students researching OER from any country in the world through their GO-GN network (Global OER Graduate Network). Other contemporaneous OER projects include Connexions, which was launched by Richard Baraniuk in 1999 and showcased with MIT OpenCourseWare at the launch of the Creative Commons open licenses in 2002,[44] and the NROC Project, launched by Gary W. Lopez in 2003 that developed the HippoCampus OER site[45] and EdReady personalized learning platform. About six-in-ten parents of K-12 children (61%) say the first year of the pandemic had a negative effect on their childrens education. Intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations recognize that the skills, knowledge and values children need to thrive in the future far exceed proficiency in traditional learning areas such as literacy and numeracy (UNESCO, n.d.). [82] GO-GN provides its members with funding and networking opportunities as well as research support. School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) can be defined as acts or threats of sexual, physical or psychological violence happening in and around schools. Res. It is intended to be used with a textbook it was written for published in 2002 under Oxford University Press as Philosophy from Africa: A Text with Readings and then since 2003 by Routledge as The African Philosophy Reader under the editorship of Coetzee and For information on reusing text from Wikipedia, please see the terms of use. The examples and perspective in this article, UNESCO and environmental awareness and education, Environmental Education in the Global South. Framework for quality learning through play at school. Rev. Barron, B., and Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). 71, 4247. Key guiding questions that underpin student experience and quality learning through play include: - What do systems, schools, school leaders and teachers understand about the characteristics of playful learning, and the playful pedagogies that might provide opportunities for such experience? "[98] The organisation has instigated debate on how to apply OERs in practice and chaired vivid discussions on this matter through its International Institute of Educational Planning (IIEP). The types of positive impact presented included: learning gains sustained over time (DeanJr., and Kuhn, 2007); skills transfer to novel problems (Purpura et al., 2016); more accurate recall of knowledge gained (Castano, 2008); deeper understanding of concepts (Burke and Williams, 2012); and making better connections between concepts (Castano, 2008). Forward to basics! (2011). "Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. Similarly, when teachers seek to employ playful pedagogies in the classroom, there are various identifiable points along the learning journey, characterized as three levels: Facilitation is applied with one instructional strategy without consideration for individual learner needs and context. Figure 2. Founded in 2007, the CK-12 Foundation is a California-based non-profit organization whose stated mission is to reduce the cost of, and increase access to, K-12 education in the United States and worldwide. "[39], Italy announced in 2019 that environmental education (including topics of sustainability and climate change) will be integrated into other subject matter and will be a mandatory part of the curriculum in public schools. The impact of a thinking skills intervention on childrens concepts of intelligence. Mind Brain Educ. doi:10.1080/14729679.2014.919866. Henceforth, we define learning through play as when: 1. Museums will work more closely with each other and partners outside the sector (pp 2326). One of the largest community colleges in the nation, NOVA serves around 75,000 students across six campuses. Writing Commons, an international open textbook spearheaded by Joe Moxley at the University of South Florida, has evolved from a print textbook into a crowd-sourced resource for college writers around the world. Havemann. Fisher, K., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Golinkoff, R. M., Singer, D. G., and Berk, L. (2010). Mula sa unang baitang hanggang ika-labindalawang baitang, naka-angkla (anchor) ang mga paksain at pamantayang pang-nilalaman at pamantayan sa pagganap, an at pagkabansa, 4) karapatan, pananagutan, -ibang disiplina ng araling panlipunan tulad pagkamalikhain, mapanuring pag-iisip at matalinong pagpapasya , pagsasaliksik/ pagsisiyasat, kasanayang, an, at pakikipagtalastasan at pagpapalawak. [49] The 14th Dalai Lama and the Tibetan people work to preserve their cultural heritage with organizations including the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts[50] and an international network of eight Tibet Houses. Teachers train to effectively teach and incorporate environmental studies. Teachers provided opportunities for hands-on learning (McBride et al., 2016) exploration of ideas and materials, and fostered agency by encouraging students to make decisions about their learning (Fullan and Langworthy, 2014) such as how an activity is performed or when it is complete (Laevers, 2000). Make educated judgments about those environmental issues; 4. Rather than disregarding the issue of context and the impact that it may have on the implementation of learning through play, Parker and Thomsen (2019) offered a bridge to connect the school context with the concept of play-based learning. Alberta Ministry of Education. Although the MDGs produced great outcomes, its objectives were not met, and MDGs were soon were soon replaced by Sustainable Development Goals. Dev. The 500 experts and national delegates from 111 countries adopted the Ljubljana OER Action Plan. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resources are used to continue to meet human needs without [19] Stapp later went on to become the first Director of Environmental Education for UNESCO, and then the Global Rivers International Network. Experiential lessons in the school yard, field trips to national parks, after-school green clubs, and school-wide sustainability projects help make the environment an easily accessible topic. Available at: <. Roskos, K. A., Christie, J. F., Widman, S., and Holding, A. [31] The Shuttleworth Foundation, which focuses on projects concerning collaborative content creation, has contributed as well. Educ. On the other hand, the current workforce must be trained or re-trained so they can adapt to the new green economy. [20] Then, in 1971, the National Association for Environmental Education (now known as the North American Association for Environmental Education) was created to improve environmental literacy by providing resources to teachers and promoting environmental education programs. embodies the field of preservation of cultural heritage, both movable and immovable. - To what extent are teachers empowered and equipped by schools, leaders and systems to differentiate within lessons to respond to individual learning needs by balancing instruction with guidance and open-ended inquiry? Policy makers, researchers and educators have promoted the notion that learning though play is developmentally appropriateas it leverages school-age childrens innate curiosity while doi: 10.1002/sce.20194, DeLuca, C., and Hughes, S. (2014). Rutherford John Gettens was the first of such in the US to be permanently employed by an art museum. Appropriate materials and reversible methods; Full documentation of all work undertaken. [111] Its Wikieducator's Learning4Content project builds skills in the use of MediaWiki and related free software technologies for mass collaboration in the authoring of free content and claims to be the world's largest wiki training project for education. These statements give meaning and intent to framework elements, making them applicable to the school learning context. Even amongst proponents of learning through play, there is debate over whether play is essential for learning and development or one of many paths to learning and development (the notion of equifinality) (Roskos et al., 2010). AFS was a file system and sharing platform that allowed users to access and distribute stored content. One of the first OER resources for K-12 education is Curriki. The modules are available in three different languages English, French, and Portuguese making the AVU the leading African institution in providing and using open education resources[123], In August 2013, Tidewater Community College become the first college in the U.S. to create an Associate of Science degree based entirely on openly licensed content the "Z-Degree". Skills Creat. doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2012.01.001, Castano, C. (2008). Miller, E., and Almon, J. Addressing the Technical Challenges of Open Educational Resources. A network of ten universities led by Karlstad University will arrange a series of open webinars during the project period focusing on the use and production of open educational resources.
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